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Article History

Received: 24 November 2023

Accepted: 9 August 2024

First Online: 26 August 2024

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Veterinary Sciences Animal Care Committee No. AC21-0210, Canada; the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee No. PROTO202000096 from 4/13/2020 to 4/14/2023, Michigan State University, United States and the Ethics Review Board, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, no. CIIT/Bio/ERB/17/26. Blood samples from Polish, Moldovan and Ukrainian cattle, naturally infected with BLV, were selected from collections at local diagnostic laboratories as part of the Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) monitoring program between 2012 and 2018 and sent to the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Pulawy for confirmation study. The approval for collection of these samples from ethics committee was not required according to Polish regulation (“Act on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific or Educational Purposes”, Journal of Laws of 2015). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The owners of the cattle herds from which the DNA samples originated, the district veterinarians caring for these farms and the ministries of agriculture were informed and consented to the collection of blood from the animals for scientific purposes and the sending of samples to NVRI.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.