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Authors
Benedicenti, Ottavia
Dale, Ole Bendik
Dahle, Maria K.
Gjessing, Mona C.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Norges Forskningsråd (303415, 303415, 303415, 303415)
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Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Declarations
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: Animals were sampled in relation to a disease in aquaculture and were not subjected to experimental procedures. Ethical approval from our institutional research board, the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (FOTS), was waived as the sampling complied with standard diagnostic procedures regulated by the competent authority in Norway. Fish were euthanized by an overdose of BENZOAK VET® (benzocaine) (3–5 mL per 10 L of water in a bucket) prior to tissue sampling by the fish health personnel at the farm. As these are not experimental animals, their euthanasia is regulated by the Food Safety Authority under FOR-2008-06-17-822, specifically § 34 - Euthanasia of fish. Written informed consent was obtained from the owners for the participation of their animals in this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
