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Article History

Received: 22 May 2025

Accepted: 31 July 2025

First Online: 21 October 2025

Declarations

:

: No ethics approval process by any institutional review board within national or European legal systems was needed for the present procedure, as enrolment in the survey was on a voluntary basis, and the participants agreed to participate in the anonymous data collection as per Regulation (EU) No. 2016/679 of the European parliament and of the council of 27 April 2016. Data were collected directly from egg consumers who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily by self-enrolling. The online survey was anonymous, and the respondents electronically signed an informed consent form before participating in the survey and after having read a disclosure sheet that described the project and survey aims. All data are securely stored and protected at the Department of Veterinary Sciences of the University of Turin, in compliance with applicable data protection regulations and ethical research standards. No animals were involved in the study.

: All the participants consented to the anonymous data collection as per the Italian Data Protection Code - Legislative Decree No. 196/2003. The interviewees agreed to participate in the study voluntarily by self-enrolling. The participants were all informed that their answers would be published in a study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.