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Authors
de Carvalho, Bruno Reis
Arnaut, Pedro Righetti
Lima Muniz, Jorge Cunha
da Cruz Ferreira, Hélvio Jr.
Furlani, Nathana Rudio
Alves, Warley Júnior
Pettigrew, James Eugene
Hannas, Melissa Izabel
da Silva Viana, Gabriel
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Article History
Received: 7 February 2025
Accepted: 1 August 2025
First Online: 28 August 2025
Declarations
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: All animal care and use procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (CEUAP, UFV, Viçosa, Brazil) under protocol n.0 111, prior to the beginning of the assay, including euthanasia by cervical dislocation, where all efforts were made to minimize suffering. Birds were not anesthetized prior to euthanasia. The birds used in the current research were obtained from a local commercial hatchery (Rivelle, Mateus Leme, Minas Gerais State, Brazil). The hatchery is a facility in which the purpose is to obtain profit from the sale of broiler chicks, which may be used either for research or commercial purposes.
: Not applicable.
: JEP contracts with Alltech, the supplier of the zinc proteinate and organic minerals used in this experiment, to supervise this research. The other authors declared that they had no competing interests.
