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Authors
Fang, Niran
Li, Mingrong
Zhang, Aiguo
Wen, Lianghai
Li, Huimin
Ye, Xumeng
Zhang, Fan
Chen, Ruiai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
by Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province (2022B1111040001)
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 6 October 2025
Declarations
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: Clinical trial number: not applicable. Anal swabs were obtained from dogs and cats from multiple veterinary hospitals in Guangdong. For all animals subjected to sampling and testing, permission has been obtained from both the pet owners and the veterinary hospitals. In this study, biological samples were collected non-invasively via anal swabs, avoiding the need for anesthesia, euthanasia, or invasive procedures. This approach allowed sampling to be performed on fully conscious, unrestrained animals under physiological conditions, ensuring minimal stress and no adverse health impacts throughout the process.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
