Kassem, Ashraf
Khattab, Marwa S.
Ismael, Elshaimaa
Yassin, Aya M.
Hamza, Dalia
Osman, Ahmed H.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 17 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The institutional animal care and use committee (Vet. CU. IACUC), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University approved all procedures of this study at Al-Basatin automated slaughterhouses, Cairo, Egypt (registration number Vet CU110520251155).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.