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Authors
Park, Mi-Kyung
Hong, Jihee
Cho, Woo Jae
Song, Kun-Ho
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, and Forestry (No. 322093-03)
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Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
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: All animal-related procedures were conducted in compliance with institutional ethical standards and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at Chungnam National University (Approval No. 202401 A-CNU-027).Written informed consent was obtained from all dog owners prior to their participation in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
