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Authors
Cilavdaroğlu, Elif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8258-2416
Şen, Uğur https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-1140
Yamak, Umut Sami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-4866
Önder, Hasan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8404-8700
Bozkurt, Sibel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-0027
Yüksel, Hüseyin Mert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9429-8877
Odu, Olatunbosun https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1274-6902
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Article History
Received: 12 October 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 26 January 2026
Declarations
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: The animal study protocol was approved by the Local Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Türkiye, which also approved the experimental procedures, ensuring compliance with EC Directive 86/609/EEC for animal experiments (protocol code: 2023-51 and date: 22 June 2023). The experiment was conducted on the livestock farm of Ondokuz Mayıs University. Prior to sampling, written informed consent was obtained from the institution’s livestock farm, which provided signed authorization for the use of animals and farm facilities for research purposes. The study did not involve any invasive procedures, and all animal handling strictly complied with ethical standards and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals in research. All experimental methods followed established ethical and regulatory protocols consistent with the ARRIVE guidelines. During the experimental period, all animals were clinically healthy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
