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Authors
Pettersson, Jenni
Levanov, Lev
Tervo, Sanna
Hautala, Katja
Aaltonen, Kirsi
Utriainen, Mira
Kareinen, Lauri
Gadd, Tuija
Sironen, Tarja
Vapalahti, Olli
Kinnunen, Paula M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Helsinki
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study relied on samples collected during routine diagnostics within a non-experimental clinical veterinary setting. Hence, no ethical approval was required (European Union directive 2010/63/EU and the national act 497/2013). Samples from horses suffering from pastern dermatitis were originally taken by veterinarians for diagnostic purposes. Archived samples are routinely taken and stored by Finnish Food Authority and were not collected for the purpose of this study.
: Not applicable.
: Besides holding the title of Associate Professor (Docent) of University of Helsinki, PMK is an employee of MSD Animal Health. The EqPPV studies were initiated before her joining the company. Other authors have nothing to declare.
