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Authors
Tetteh, Henrietta Dede
Aryeetey, Sherihane Naa Ayeley
Gorman, Richmond
Acheampong, Henry
Oppong, Ernest
Awuah, Sylvia Baffour
Asamoah, Jesse Addo
Nyarko-Afriyie, Emmanuella
Hayford, Manuella
Adu-Gyamfi, Constance
Yeboah, Richmond
Mensah, Patrick Amponsah
Owusu, Michael
Phillips, Richard Odame
Knauf, Sascha
Sylverken, Augustina Angelina
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Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 16 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocols were assessed and approved by the Committee for Human Research, Publications and Ethics (CHRPE) of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and the School of Medical Sciences, KNUST (Approval Number: CHRPE/AP/095/24). The Animal Research Ethics Committee at KNUST equally assessed the protocols and gave clearance (Approval Number: KNUST 058). Additionally, the Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission of Ghana granted permission to use animals from the wild (Permit Number 112433231219). All farmers and handlers were required to give their approval to collect data and samples. Participants indicated their willingness to take part in the study by signing or thumb-printing written consent forms.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
