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Authors
Halac, Barış
Kekec, Ayşe Ilgın
Ozsemir, Arif Cemal
Bacak, Ergün
Celil Ozaslan, Büşra Gülay
Kesen, Deniz
Sahin, Elif Merve
Gungor, Umut
Celik, Baran
Diren Sigirci, Belgi
Ak, Seyyal
Basaran Kahraman, Beren
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Istanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpasa (33816)
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Article History
Received: 5 January 2026
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol, which involved the opportunistic collection of fresh fecal samples from wild birds without capture or handling, was reviewed and approved by the Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments (Protocol No: 16/07/2019-108264). All procedures were conducted in strict compliance with national regulations concerning animal welfare and ethical research practices, ensuring minimal disturbance to the avifauna.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
