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Authors
MEng, Ryan Jones https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3226-3386
Cirovic, Srdjan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-2897
Rusbridge, Clare https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-2110
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Article History
Received: 14 November 2025
Accepted: 19 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this retrospective study was granted by the University of Surrey Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Body under NASPA Reference: NASPA-2018-005. As this study involved retrospective analysis of pre-existing clinical imaging data, no additional procedures were performed, and informed owner consent for diagnostic imaging was obtained at the time of clinical presentation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
