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Authors
Wattrang, Eva
Näslund, Katarina
Tamminen, Lena-Mari
Söderlund, Robert
Sørensen Dalgaard, Tina
Jansson, Désirée S.
Eriksson, Helena
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
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Article History
Received: 11 February 2026
Accepted: 22 April 2026
First Online: 1 May 2026
Declarations
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: Sample collection was approved by the Uppsala regional Ethical Committee for Animal Experiments (permit no. 5.8.18–15567/2018) according to Swedish legislation and directives (SJVFS 2019:9 L 150) based on the European Union legislation directive 2010/63/EU. Participating farmers provided written consent to participate in the study (sample collection and access to flock data). After sampling, the hens were returned to the care of the farmers. The study was conducted in compliance with the ARRIVE 2.0 Essential 10 list guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
