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Authors
Puigredon, Alba
Guevara, Raúl David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-8864
Miguel, Joaquín
Simon-Grifé, Meritxell
Fontseca, Mireia
Montané, Jordi
Gibert, Xavier
Ballarà, Isaac
Botía, María https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-2953
Llonch, Pol https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-861X
Mainau, Eva https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-415X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
HIPRA S.A.
Fundación Séneca (21789/FPI/22)
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2026
Accepted: 27 July 2026
First Online: 6 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with the European Union Guidelines for Animal Welfare (Directive 2010/63/UE) and approved by the Ethical Committee of HIPRA Scientific SLU and the Department of Territori i Sostenibilitat of the Catalan Government under the reference CEA-10233. Routine farm management and welfare monitoring were respected throughout the study. The farmer was informed about the study before the beginning of the trials, and he provided written consent to participate in the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
