Funding for this research was provided by:
Korea International Cooperation Agency
Article History
Received: 8 May 2026
Accepted: 18 August 2026
First Online: 24 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines for animal research and was approved by the relevant institutional review body of Arsi University. Informed consent was obtained from all dairy farm owners prior to data collection.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.