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Authors
Farooqi, Humaira
Choudhry, Nakhshab
Saddique, Muhammad Nabeel
Qamar, Samina
Dar, Rehma
Kazmi, Salman
Gondal, Aamir Jamal
Yasmin, Nighat
Javaid, Hammad
Nahla, Ursula Abu
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2025
Accepted: 6 May 2025
First Online: 19 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of King Edward Medical University, Lahore (Approval No. 482/RC/KEMU). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. Participants were informed of the study’s objectives, procedures, potential risks, and their right to withdraw at any time without consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: ChatGPT-4o (OpenAI) was used solely for improving the grammar, readability, and clarity of the manuscript. No AI tools were used for data analysis, interpretation, or generation of scientific content. All intellectual content and scientific conclusions were formulated by the authors.
