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Article History

Received: 6 March 2024

Accepted: 1 August 2025

First Online: 22 October 2025

Declarations

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: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedics Hospital (Pingshan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) with approval number [AF-HEC-034–01.1], and prior to conducting any research activities, we have obtained written informed consent from all participants and/or their legal guardians. This ensures that participants fully understand the purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits of this study, and voluntarily participate. This process follows the regulations of the Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedics Hospital (Pingshan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) Ethics Committee, aiming to protect the rights and well-being of participants.On this basis, this study collected samples of the medial and lateral condyles from patients with medial osteoarthritis who underwent total knee replacement surgery. Among them, the medial condyle was designated as the experimental group, while the lateral condyle was used as a paired control group. We have clearly excluded all patients with non degenerative medial osteoarthritis, such as those diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic osteoarthritis, and those with lateral compartment osteoarthritis. This research design aims to ensure the validity and comparability of data while meeting all requirements of ethical review.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.