Hsieh, Kun-Han
Chao, Chiao-Hsuan
Cheng, Yi-Ling
Lai, Yen-Chung
Chuang, Yung-Chun
Wang, Jen-Ren
Chang, Sui-Yuan
Hung, Yuan-Pin
Chen, Yi-Ming Arthur
Liu, Wei-Lun
Chuang, Woei-Jer
Yeh, Trai-Ming http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-7432
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 111-2320-B-006-052, NSTC 112-2320-B-006-001, NSTC 112-2321-B-006-008)
Article History
Received: 7 December 2023
Accepted: 26 March 2024
First Online: 18 April 2024
Declarations
:
: Sera of unvaccinated/vaccinated COVID-19 patients or healthy adults were collected following protocols approved by the National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) Hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB #E-ER-108–396), the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) Research Ethics Committee (202002002RIND) or the Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital (FJUH110149) (Supplementary Table InternalRef removed). The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.
: Not applicable.
: Yung-Chun Chuang is employed by Leadgene Biomedical, Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.