Soppela, Saana
González-Rodríguez, Martín
Stone, Virginia M.
Mustonen, Iiris
Jouppila, Niila V. V.
Lampinen, Vili
Haikarainen, Teemu
Flodström-Tullberg, Malin
Junttila, Ilkka S.
Hankaniemi, Minna M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Paulo Foundation
Diabetes Research Foundation
Tampere University graduate school
Instrumentarium Science Foundation
Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation
The Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
The Swedish Child Diabetes Foundation
Academy of Finland (340572)
Swedish Research Council (2023-02290)
The Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation (20230499)
the Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes, Karolinska Institutet
the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Nordlab (KT0016)
Fimlab (X51409)
Research Council of Finland (#355414)
Finnish Cultural Foundation
Business Finland
Tampere Institute of Advanced Studies
Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 8 September 2025
Declarations
:
: All animal experiments in this study were carried out following the Finnish Act on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific or Educational Purposes (497/2013) or in compliance with Swedish national laws and the National Institutes of Health guidelines for laboratory animal care. The procedures were approved by the Regional State Administrative Agency, Pirkanmaa, Finland (decision number ESAVI/1408/2021) or by the Stockholm Southern Animal Ethics Board. All animal reporting was conducted in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines. All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and reduce the number of animals used. The welfare of the animals was monitored throughout the experiments.
: Not applicable.
: SS, NVVJ and MMH are inventors of the patent application FI 20253217 belonging to Innofend Oy, titled Engineered Enterovirus-Like particles and uses thereof. The rights to the invention have been transferred to the company, and thus, no competing interests exist. SS and MMH are shareholders of Innofend Oy. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.