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Article History

Received: 5 October 2021

Accepted: 23 February 2022

First Online: 9 March 2022

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (HiREB) and by the research and ethics board at all other participating institutions.

: Consent for publication was obtained according to institution policy and patient images were deidentified.

: NH reports honoraria and grants from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche, Bayer, and Janssen, and he also sets on their advisory board. His involvement in such is not related to the manuscript. EA R reports education research grants and lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche and Chiesi outside the field of this review. ML reports honoraria from Abbvie, Amgen and UCB. NK reports grants from BMS (drug only), Sanofi and Abbvie for clinical trials and sets on Roche’s advisory board. MK reports funding for clinical registry from Boehringer Ingelheim and grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Pieris and Roche. Consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, Horizon, Cipla, Abbvie, Bellerophon, Algernon and CSL Behring. Lectures\speaker fees from Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche. Expert testimony fee from Roche. He sets on data safety monitoring\advisory board of Covance and United Therapeutics. He also reports receiving chief editor allowance from the European Journal of Respirology. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.