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Article History

Received: 11 June 2024

Accepted: 2 October 2024

First Online: 19 October 2024

Declarations

:

: This study involves human participants and was approved by the independent ethics committees boards at each institution (see supplement for details). Participants gave written informed consent to participate in the study before taking part.

: Not applicable.

: MG, MBa, GL, FR, RC, DG, MLF, BP, RB, and DM are employees of Chiesi, the sponsor of this study, LG was engaged as a consultant by Chiesi, and GM and MBo were employees of Chiesi at the time the study was conducted. JC declares a contract and payment to the Babraham Institute for analysis of sputum PIP₃ by mass spectrometry. Outside the scope of the manuscript, he has no conflicts to disclose. FP has no other conflicts to disclose. AMK declares that her employer was contracted for the clinical work in this study. She has no other conflicts to disclose. KMB declares consulting fees from Berlin Chemie, Sanofi, Bosch Healthcare, and Clario, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Berlin Chemie, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, and Orion, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Chiesi and GlaxoSmithKline, all outside the scope of the current manuscript. OK declares payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca and Novartis, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Sanofi, all outside the scope of the current manuscript. SK declares consulting fees, participation in advisory boards, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Sanofi, all outside the scope of the current manuscript. ALS has no other conflicts to disclose. HW declares that his employer was contracted for the clinical work in this study. Outside the scope of the current manuscript he declares consulting fees, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events, support for attending meetings and/or travel, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board, all for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Sanofi. In addition, he is a speaker in COPD for the German Center for Lung Research.