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Authors
Dong, Ming
Hu, Gaolei
Chen, Xi
Zhang, Lingling
Zhang, Yuxiao
Fang, Yanting
Liao, Shuilin
Wang, Yukai
Li, Qian
Zheng, Peiyan
Guo, Bingpeng
Lai, Tinpou
Luo, Qun
Huang, Huimin
Han, Qian
Sun, Baoqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the R&D Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory (ZL-SRPG22-019)
the Start-up Foundation of Guangzhou National Laboratory (YW-JCZD0101)
the National Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Clinical and Epidemiological Research Project (SKLRD-L-202403)
the General Guidance Project of Health Science and Technology in Guangzhou (20231A011082)
Guangdong Zhong Nanshan Medical Foundation (20220015)
Plan on enhancing scientific research in GMU (GMUCR2024-01009)
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Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 12 July 2025
First Online: 1 August 2025
Declarations
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: This multicenter case–control study was approved by the institutional review boards at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (GYFYY, ES-2023–129-02, approved on 2023/08/16), Shantou Central Hospital (STC, 2022 Scientific Research No. 037, approved on 2022/7/14), and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College (CQMPC, Ethics Review 2021 No. 1, approved on 2021/01).The ethical approvals were granted under the reference numbers mentioned above and the IRB confirmed that the study complied with national ethical standards and the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
