Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Santus, Pierachille
Oresta, Bianca
Finocchiaro, Davide
De Rosa, Piergiuseppe
Bell, John
Caplen, Melissa
Carioto, Jennifer
Bhatt, Prachi
Pyenson, Bruce
Papi, Alberto
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
AstraZeneca
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 24 March 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Pierachille Santus and Alberto Papi have been remunerated for validating assumptions, sources, and interpreting results of the present work. Bianca Oresta, Davide Finocchiaro, Piergiuseppe De Rosa, and John Bell are employees of AstraZeneca and may hold stock and/or stock options in the company. Melissa Caplen, Jennifer Carioto, Prachi Bhatt, and Bruce Pyenson are employees of Milliman, which was contracted by AstraZeneca to conduct this study. The American Academy of Actuaries requires its members to identify their credentials in their work product. Bruce Pyenson, Jennifer Carioto, and Melissa Caplen are members of the American Academy of Actuaries and meet its relevant qualification requirements.
