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Authors
Patchen, Bonnie K.
Zhang, Jingwen
Gaddis, Nathan
Bartz, Traci M.
Chen, Jing
Debban, Catherine
Leonard, Hampton
Nguyen, Ngoc Quynh H.
Seo, Jungkyun
Tern, Courtney
Allen, Richard
DeMeo, Dawn L.
Fornage, Myriam
Melbourne, Carl
Minto, Melyssa
Moll, Matthew
O’Connor, George T.
Pottinger, Tess
Psaty, Bruce M.
Rich, Stephen S.
Rotter, Jerome I.
Silverman, Edwin K.
Stratford, Jeran
Zhang, Chengyue
Barr, R. Graham
Cho, Michael H.
Gharib, Sina A.
Manichaikul, Ani
North, Kari
Oelsner, Elizabeth C.
Simonsick, Eleanor M.
Tobin, Martin D.
Yu, Bing
Choi, Seung Hoan
Dupuis, Josée
Cassano, Patricia A.
Hancock, Dana B.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007158)
National Institutes of Health (T32HL007427)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149352)
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Article History
Received: 31 July 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 28 February 2026
Declarations
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: This research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Local ethics committees and Institutional Review Boards reviewed protocols in each contributing study. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants at time of data collecting within each study.
: Not applicable- this manuscript does not contain and individual person’s data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
