Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 January 2026

Accepted: 25 June 2026

First Online: 11 July 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Marburg University, Faculty of Medicine (Approval No. 61/19). All participants provided written informed consent prior to study inclusion. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04140097).

: Not applicable.

: RG reports receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, CSL Behring, Grifols, GSK, Insmed, Kaia Health, and Sanofi for consultancy work and/or lectures. PJ reports part-time contractor status and ownership of GSK stocks and shares. JC is an employee of GlaxoSmithKline and holds stocks and shares of GSK. CV reports that his institution has received grants or contracts from the German Ministry of Education and Science (BMBF), AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, CSL Behring, GSK, and Grifols. He has received personal payments for consulting fees and honoraria for lectures/presentations from Aerogen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, Chiesi, GSK, Insmed, Menarini, Roche, and Sanofi. RK reports receiving personal payments for consultancy and/or lectures from Aerogen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, Chiesi, GSK, Insmed, Orion, Pfizer, Resmed, Roche, and Sanofi. KK, DK, MW, WH, TS, and IJ declare that they have no competing interests.