Wang, Ke
Shi, Mai
Luk, Andrea O. Y.
Kong, Alice P. S.
Ma, Ronald C. W.
Li, Changhong
Chen, Li
Chow, Elaine
Chan, Juliana C. N.
Article History
Received: 7 May 2024
Accepted: 16 June 2024
First Online: 29 June 2024
Declarations
:
: The data used in the two-sample MR analyses are publicly available and anonymized. All contributing studies had received appropriate ethical approval and patient consent at each original GWAS study site, and can be found in the original studies. The individual-level data used in one-sample MR analyses received ethical approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CREC 2009-421 CREC 2019-080).
: Not applicable.
: E.C. has received institutional research support from Sanofi, Medtronic, Powder Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Hua Medicine and speaker fees from Sanofi and Novartis. J.C.N.C has received research grants and/or honoraria for consultancy and/or giving lectures from Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli-Lilly, Hua Medicine, Powder Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Servier, Sanofi, Viatris and ZP Therapeutics. A.P.S.K. has received honoraria for consultancy or giving lectures from Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Dexcom, Eli-Lilly, Kyowa Kirin, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Nestle, Novo-Nordisk, Pfizer and Sanofi. R.C.W.M. has received research grants and/or honoraria for consultancy or giving lectures, from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Kyowa Kirin, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Roche Diagnostics and Tricida Inc. A.O.Y.L. has served as an advisory committee member for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, and Amgen, and has received research grants and travel grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Amgen. J.C.N.C. and R.C.W.M. hold patents for using biomarkers to predict risks of diabetes and its complications and are co-founders of GemVCare, a technology start-up initiated with support from the Hong Kong Government Innovation and Technology Commission and its Technology Start-up Support Scheme for Universities (TSSSU). K.W., C.L., L.C. are employees of Hua Medicine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Other authors have no relevant conflicts of interest to declare.