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Authors
Chen, Yuwen
Lian, Wenbin
Wu, Lunzhe
Huang, An’an
Zhang, Deliang
Liu, Bingchen
Qiu, Yuangang
Wei, Qucheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144, 2025C02144)
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Article History
Received: 9 February 2025
Accepted: 15 March 2025
First Online: 29 March 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The research protocol for NHANES received formal approval from the Institutional Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), with written informed consent obtained from all participating individuals. As the current investigation constitutes a secondary analysis of deidentified, publicly available NHANES data, it was classified as exempt from further institutional review board evaluation according to established ethical guidelines for secondary data analysis.
: Not applicable.
