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Article History

Received: 18 February 2025

Accepted: 21 March 2025

First Online: 2 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: OS (Oliver Schnell) is the founder and CEO of Sciarc and reports consulting, speaking, or serving on advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, MSD, Mundipharma, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, and Wörwag Pharma. JA (Jaime Almandoz) declares that he has no competing interests. LA (Lisa Anderson) received speaker fees from Vifor, Alnylam, served on advisory boards for Alnylam, Pharmacosmos, received research support from Pfizer and travel and accommodation expenses from Abbott and Roche. KBK (Katharine Barnard-Kelly) is founder and shareholder at Spotlight-AQ Ltd. KBK has received research support from Dexcom, Embecta, JDRF, Novo Nordisk and Roche Diabetes Care, and honoraria from Sanofi. TB (Tadej Battelino) has served on the advisory boards of Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Dreamed Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Company, Indigo Diabetes, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. TB has received speaker’s bureau honoraria from Abbott, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Roche, and Sanofi. The University Medical Center has received research grant support from Abbott, GluSense, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Sandoz, Sanofi, and Zealand Pharma. MB (Matthias Blüher) received honoraria as a consultant and speaker from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Novartis, and Sanofi. LB (Luca Busetto) declares that he has no competing interests. DC (Doina Catrinou) declares that she has no competing interests. AC (Antonio Ceriello) disclosed the following conflict of interest: Advisory Board, Consultancy, Lectures: Abbott, Bayer, Berlin Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hikamr Pharma, Guidotti, Eli Lilly, MSD, Merck, Novo, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi, Servier, SUN Pharma. XC (Xavier Cos) declares that he has no competing interests. TD (Thomas Danne) declares that he has no competing interests. CMD (Colin M. Dayan) declares that he has no competing interests. SDP (Stefano Del Prato) served as president of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)/European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD) from 2020 to 2022; Is currently President of Fondazione Menarini; has served as an advisor for Abbott, Amarin Corporation, Amplitude, Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Biomea Fusion, Eli Lilly & Co., EvaPharma, Menarini International, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Sun Pharmaceuticals; and has received fees for speaking from AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Laboratori Guidotti, Menarini International, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. BFF (Beatriz Fernández-Fernández) has received grants from AstraZeneca and Esteve and consultancy or speaker fees or travel support from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Menarini, Novo Nordisk, and Mundipharma.TF (Thomas Forst) has been a member of the speaker panel of Amarin, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Berlin-Chemie, Cipla, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly and Company, Fortbildungskolleg, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Santis, and of the advisory panel of Atrogi, Bayer, Cipla, Diabetes-Akademie Bad Mergentheim e.V., Eli Lilly and Company, Eyesense, Fortbildungskolleg, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, reMYND, Roche and Sanofi. PF (Paola Fioretto) has received fees as consultant and speaker for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly company and Novo Nordisk. TF (Thomas Forst) is an employee of CRS Clinical Research Services GmbH, Germany and has contributed to speaker panels for Amarin, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Berlin Chemie, Cipla, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly and Company, Fortbildungskolleg, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Santis and advisory panels for AstraZeneca, Atrogi, Bayer, Cipla, Diabetes Akademie Bad Mergentheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Eysense, Fortbildungskolleg, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi, Remynd, and Roche. JRG (James R. Gavin III) has served on the advisory boards of Abbott Diabetes Care and Embecta, and on the speaker’s bureaus of Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company. FG (Francesco Giorgino) has served on Advisory Boards: AstraZeneca, Biomea, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, NovoNordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi; Other Boards: Senior Vice-President of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)/European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD); Consultant: Eli Lilly, NovoNordisk, Biomea; Lectures, presentations, or educational events: AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Lifescan, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Medtronic, NovoNordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi; Research Support: Eli Lilly, Roche Diabetes Care; Receipt of Medical Writing or Support for Statistical Analysis: AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, NovoNordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi. PHG (Per-Henrik Groop) has received lecture honoraria from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Berlin Chemie, Eli Lilly and Company, EloWater, Genzyme, Medscape, MSD, Mundipharma, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Peer Voice, Sanofi and Sciarc. PHG also serves as an advisory board member for AbbVie, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Medscape, MSD, Mundipharma, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. IAH (Igor A. Harsch) has received speaker and/or consultancy fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly Deutschland GmbH, NOVO Nordisk, and AbbVie. HJLH (Hiddo J.L. Heerspink) declares that he has no competing interests. LH (Lutz Heinemann) declares that he has no competing interests. MI (Mahmoud Ibrahim) has consultancy agreement with and received speaker honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, and Pfizer. MJ (Michel Jadoul) has received speaker and/or consultancy fees from Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim,Cardiorenal, CSL Vifor, GSK, Novo Nordisk, Menarini, Stada-EG and Vertex. He is since januari 2019 cochair of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). SJ (Sarah Jarvis) declares that she has no competing interests. LJ (Linong Ji) declares that he has no competing interests. NK (Naresh Kanumilli) declares that he has no competing interests. MK (Mikhail Kosiborod) reports consulting or advisory board participation for 35Pharma, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cytokinetics, Dexcom, Eli Lilly and Company, Esperion Therapeutics, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Merck (Diabetes and Cardiovascular), Novo Nordisk, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, scPharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Structure Therapeutics, Vifor Pharma and Youngene Therapeutics. MK has also received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Novo Nordisk, and research grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer. UL (Ulf Landmesser) declares that he has no competing interests. SM (Sofia Macieira) is an employee of Sciarc. BM (Boris Mankovsky) has served on advisory boards and received speaking fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Servier, and Wörwag Pharma. NM (Nikolaus Marx) has received research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and MSD, speaking fees form Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, MSD, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi-Aventis and has served or serves on the advisory board of Amgen, Bayer, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi-Aventis. CM (Chantal Mathieu) serves or has served on the advisory panel for ActoBio Therapeutics, Avotres, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Imcyse, Insulet, Mannkind, Medtronic, Merck Sharp and Dohme Ltd., Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sandoz, Sanofi, Roche, Vertex and Zealand Pharma. CM serves or has served on the speakers’ bureau for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. Financial compensation for these activities has been received by KU Leuven. KU Leuven has received research support for CM from ActoBio Therapeutics, Imcyse, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. BM (Barbara McGowan) has received grant/research supports and/or honoraria/consultation fees by Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Astrazeneca. BM has received speaker’s bureau honoraria from Novo Nordisk, Lilly, and Amgen. TM (Tatjana Milenkovic) declares that she has no competing interests. OM (Othmar Moser) declares that he has no competing interests. DMW (Dirk Müller-Wieland) participates in advisory boards and has served on the speaker bureau for Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. NP (Nikolaos Papanas) declares that he has no competing interests. DCP (Dipesh C. Patel) has served on advisory panels for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and Sanofi and was involved in educational work for Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk. AP (Andreas Pfeiffer) declares that he has no competing interests. DR (Dario Raheliċ) declares that he has no competing interests. HWR (Helena W. Rodbard) has served on advisory boards for Bayer, Dexcom, Endogenex, Kriya, and Pacira. She has received research support from Eli Lilly, Invesago, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. She has participated in Speakers Bureau for Eli Lilly. LR (Lars Rydén) declares that he has no competing interests. ES (Elke Schaeffner) has received honorarium from the National Kidney Foundation for international editorship for the American Journal of Kidney Diseases, from AstraZeneca for consulting and Amgen for session moderation. She was member of the KDIGO working group for the 2024 guideline on CKD evaluation and management. WS (Wendy Spearman) declares that she has no competing interests. AS (Alin Stirban) declares that he has no competing interests. FT (Frank Tacke) declares that work in his lab has been supported by research grants from AstraZeneca, Gilead, and MSD. F. T. has received honoraria for consulting or lectures from AstraZeneca, Gilead, AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer, Madrigal, Falk, MSD, GSK, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Novartis. PT (Pinar Topsever) has received honoraria or consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, and LifeScan, and has served on the speaker’s bureau for AstraZeneca. PT received grant/research support from PCDE, made possible by corporate sponsorship from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Roche Diagnostics; the sponsors had no input into the study protocols. LVG (Luc van Gaal) declares that he has no competing interests. ES (Eberhard Standl) reported personal fees from Oxford Diabetes Trials Unit, Bayer, Berlin Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Novartis, and Novo Nordisk.