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Authors
Stenlid, Rasmus
El Amrani, Sami
Cerenius, Sara Y.
Aydin, Banu K.
Manell, Hannes
Mörwald, Katharina
Lischka, Julia
Gomahr, Julian
Pixner, Thomas
Ciba, Iris
James, Stefan K.
Forslund, Anders
Weghuber, Daniel
Bergsten, Peter
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Seventh Framework Programme (279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153, 279153)
Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden
Gillbergska Foundation
Sweden’s Innovation Agency Vinnova (2020-02417, 2020-02417, 2020-02417, 2020-02417)
Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (CMP22-0014, CMP22-0014, CMP22-0014, CMP22-0014)
Swedish Diabetes Association (DIA2023-781, DIA 2016–146, DIA2023-781, DIA2023-781)
Swedish Research Council (2016–01040, 2019-01456, 2019-01456)
Uppsala-Örebro Regional Research Council (RFR 158161, RFR 233041, RFR 309901, RFR 158161, RFR 233041, RFR 309901, RFR 158161, RFR 233041, RFR 309901)
the Swedish Society for Diabetology
Family Ernfors Foundation (160504, 160504)
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 8 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by both the regional ethics committee in Uppsala (registration numbers 2010/036 and 2012/318) and in Salzburg (registration number EK1544/2012). Written informed consent was obtained from adolescents and their legal guardians 12 years or older, or by the legal guardians in case of age under 12 years. Participation was voluntary, and withdrawal of consent without any reason needed was possible throughout the entirety of the study.
: All participants and their legal guardians provided consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
