He, Yaxuan
Cao, Yu
Xiang, Rong
Wang, Fang
Funding for this research was provided by:
2025 Central South University Graduate Student Independent Exploration and Innovation Project (2025ZZTS0973)
"Co-PI" project from The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (202424)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2024JJ5520)
Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation (kq2403054)
Hunan Provincial Program for Young Key Teachers in Universities (20240101-20261230)
Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 9 August 2025
First Online: 18 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The CHARLS study adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015). All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. This study follows the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for observational research.
: All authors have read and approved the manuscript for submission to this journal. No part of this work has been published or is under consideration elsewhere.
: The authors declare no competing interests.