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Authors
Soler-Espejo, Eva
Chen, Yang
Rivera-Caravaca, José Miguel
Ramos-Bratos, María Pilar
Esteve-Pastor, María Asunción
Marín, Francisco
Roldán, Vanessa
Lip, Gregory Y. H.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Liverpool
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Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of the University Hospital Morales Meseguer (reference: EST:20/16) and the University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca (reference: 2020-11-12-HCUVA) and was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrolment.
: Not applicable.
: José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca: Consultant for Idorsia Pharmaceuticals LTD. Francisco Marín is consultant and speaker for Boehringer-Ingelheim and BMS/Pfizer. Gregory Y.H. Lip: consultant and speaker for BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Anthos. No fees are received personally. He is a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator and co-principal investigator of the AFFIRMO project on multimorbidity in AF, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 899871. There is nothing to disclose for other authors.
