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Article History

Received: 5 July 2025

Accepted: 8 September 2025

First Online: 23 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (dnr 2021–03957, 2023–03824–02) and fully complies with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2008. Informed consent to be included in national registers is not required. This study is reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for cohort studies. Data were analysed using STATA 18 SE (StataCorp, USA) and R 4.3.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Austria).

: Not applicable.

: JSL is personally funded by a Wellcome Trust Early Career Award (301005/Z/23/Z). JSL also reports speaker fees from AstraZeneca and consultancy fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. PBM reports grants from AstraZeneca and Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work and speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Pharmacosmos, Astellas, GSK, and Vifor. PW reports grant income from Roche Diagnostics, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novartis, outside the submitted work and speaker fees from Novo Nordisk and Raisio. All other authors declare no conflict.