Zhang, Lin
Li, Shan
Liu, Dan
Gui, JiaJia
Hu, Jing
Wang, Qian
Mao, Wei
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJ0001)
Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
:
: CHARLS was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University (approval number: IRB00001052-11015 for the household survey and IRB00001052-11014 for blood samples), and all participants provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.