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Authors
Nian, Chongwen
Huang, Yunyun
Ma, Xiwen
Meng, Xianglong
Guo, Lichun
Tian, Weiping
Li, Haina
Zhao, Yabin
Sun, Jiaan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
This work was supported by the Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Key Projects Joint Construction Program ((LHGJ20200774))
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Article History
Received: 30 December 2025
Accepted: 27 February 2026
First Online: 3 April 2026
Declarations
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: The CHARLS study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015). All participants provided written informed consent before enrolling in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
