Assempoor, Ramin
Jodeiri, Fatemeh
Javadi, Minoo
Seighali, Niloofar
Shenava, Seyed Amir Seyed
Najafi, Kimia
Antoun, Ibrahim
Hassanabad, Ali Fatehi
Kuno, Toshiki
Biering-Sørensen, Tor
Hernandez, Adrian V.
Nelson, John R.
Hosseini, Kaveh
Article History
Received: 28 December 2025
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The research protocol for NHANES was officially approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS IRB). All participants provided informed written consent. As this study utilizes secondary analysis of deidentified, publicly accessible data from NHANES, it was exempt from additional review by the institutional review board according to the standards for secondary data analysis.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.