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Article History

Received: 2 March 2026

Accepted: 8 April 2026

First Online: 22 April 2026

Declarations

:

: PREVIEW protocol was reviewed and approved by the Human Ethics Committees at each intervention center [Denmark: The Research Ethics Committees of the Capital Region; Finland: Coordinating Ethical Committee of HUS (Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District); the UK: UK National Research Ethics Service (NRES) and East Midlands (Leicester) Ethics Committee; the Netherlands: Medical Ethics Committee of the Maastricht University Medical Centre; Spain: Research Ethics Committee of the University of Navarra; Bulgaria: Commission on Ethics in Scientific Research with the Medical University of Sofia (KENIMUS); Australia: The University of Sydney, Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC); and New Zealand: Health and Disability Ethics Committees (HDEC)]. All participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study.

: Not applicable.

: I.A.M. was a member of the UK Government Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, Treasurer of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies, Treasurer of the World Obesity Federation, member of the Mars Scientific Advisory Council, member of the Mars Europe Nutrition Advisory Board, and Scientific Adviser to the Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition. He was also a member of the Nestle Research Scientific Advisory Board, and of the Novozymes Scientific Advisory Board. He withdrew from all of these roles in 2020 and on August 1, 2020 became Professor Emeritus at the University of Nottingham and took up the post of Scientific Director of the Nestle Institute of Health Sciences in Lausanne, Switzerland. S.D.P. was the Fonterra Chair in Human Nutrition during the PREVIEW intervention. A.R. has received honorariums from the International Sweeteners Association, Nestlé and Unilever and research funds from Novo Nordisk A/S. J.B.-M. reports a relationship with China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries that includes: consulting or advisory, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. J.B.-M. reports a relationship with Novo Foundation that includes: consulting or advisory. J.B.-M. reports a relationship with Hachette Livre that includes: a co-author of books about the glycemic index of foods and diabetes. She oversees a glycemic index testing service at the University of Sydney. She was President of the Glycemic Index Foundation between 2002 and 2024. She is on the Editorial Boards of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition and the International Journal of Obesity. She is on the Scientific Board of Zoe Global, a personalised nutrition company.

: The authors did not use any AI at all in the writing process.