Chen, Xiaojing https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1644-1867
Tang, Haoxian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4346-7159
Xu, Zhuokai https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1941-0120
Chen, Xueying https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3462-6902
Tian, Cuihong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-072X
Luo, Nan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-259X
Huang, Jingtao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-2402
Lin, Hanyuan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3306-1717
Zhang, Xuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-4172
Yang, Qinglong https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6399-154X
Liang, Kunyao https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6135-0790
Chen, Pan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0489-6643
Qiu, Xianghui https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8131-8622
Jiang, Liwen https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6446-9344
Lin, Wenfeng https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7444-3615
Chen, Wenqi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4634-6901
Zhang, Youti
Tan, Xuerui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-9498
Lai, Jiabao https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5574-0048
Chen, Yequn https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6425-3847
Funding for this research was provided by:
Provincial Science and Technology Special Fund of Guangdong in 2021 (No. 2021-88-53)
Provincial Science and Technology Special Fund of Guangdong in 2022 (No. 2022-124-6)
Fund from National Health Commission Medical and Health Science and Technology Development and Research Center (No. WKZX2022JG0138)
Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Universities, China (Natural, No. 2024KCXTD019)
Grant for Key Disciplinary Project of Clinical Medicine under the High-level University Development Program, Guangdong, China (No. 2024-2025)
Article History
Received: 11 April 2026
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 12 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: The UK Biobank was approved by the North West Multicenter Research Ethics Committee, with all participants providing written informed consent. Ethical approval and informed consent were waived as the UK Biobank data is publicly available and does not include identifiable information.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.