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Authors
Hsieh, Jason Chia-Hsun
Lien, Ming-Yu
Chang, Pei-Hung
Wang, Hung-Ming
Yeh, Kun-Yun
Ho, Ching-Liang
Hsieh, Ching-Yun
Hsieh, Meng-Che
Chen, Jia-Hong
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Article History
Received: 31 October 2024
Accepted: 4 May 2025
First Online: 23 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted following the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of E-Da Hospital (EMPR18113N), the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (202500269B0), the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH114-REC2-077), and the Institutional Review Board of Tri-service General Hospital (B202405200). Due to the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
