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Article History

Received: 20 August 2024

Accepted: 14 March 2025

First Online: 5 June 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for the study was sought from the Institutional Review Board of the University for Development Studies (UDS/RB/159/23). Further approval was also obtained from the Northern Regional Health Directorate of the Ghana Health Service (GHS/NR/18-0/104), the Tamale Metropolitan Health Directorate, and the Tamale Teaching Hospital’s Research and Development Unit (TTH/R&D/SR/048) before conducting this study. Informed written and verbal consent was sorted from all participants before enrolment in the interview. Additionally, permission was sought from the healthcare facilities where the study data were collected. The interviewees were informed of their right to withdraw from the study without any consequence or loss of benefit at any time during the study. Their rights and responsibilities were read and explained to them before the data collection process. Participants were assured of confidentiality, data protection and anonymity. To guarantee confidentiality, participants were assigned codes rather than their real names.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.