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Between-and within-socioeconomic groups temporal inequality in the uptake of malaria prevention strategies among pregnant women and under-five children in Ghana (2003–2022)

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-025-05512-5

Published Online: 2025-08-22

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Okova, Denis

Lukwa, Akim Tafadzwa

Edusei, Marian

Bodzo, Paidamoyo

Atta-Obeng, Christian

Chiwire, Plaxcedes

Hongoro, Charles
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-22

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-22
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Article History

Received: 15 August 2024

Accepted: 11 August 2025

First Online: 22 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study utilized secondary data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for the years 2003, 2008, 2014, and 2022. As the analysis was based on publicly available datasets, no additional ethics approval was required for this study. However, it is important to note that the original DHS surveys obtained ethical approval and consent from participants. Ethical protocols were strictly followed during data collection, ensuring that all participants provided informed consent and that their privacy and confidentiality were protected.

: All authors have reviewed and consented to the publication of this manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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