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Article History

Received: 18 June 2025

Accepted: 11 September 2025

First Online: 2 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study and all associated protocols were reviewed and approved by the Committee on Human Research, Publication, and Ethics (CHRPE), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, School of Medical Sciences, under the Declaration of Helsinki (assigned approval number: CHRPE/AP/1081/23). Participants signed or thumbprinted a written consent form after receiving a thorough explanation before engaging in the study. Consent was also obtained from the parents or guardians of participants aged below 18 years.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.