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Authors
Badolo, Hermann
Hien, Hervé
Hien, Aristide S.
Somda, Serge M. A.
Bazié, Herman
Bacyé, Fidèle Y.
Diallo, Cheick O.
Tierno, Alfred
Guira, Matilibou
Meda, Nicolas
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Article History
Received: 1 July 2024
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in compliance with the ethical principles of health research and good clinical practices. The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the National Institute of Public Health (INSP) (approval no. 2023-001/MSHP/SG/INSP/CEI) on January 31, 2023, before sample collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
