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Authors
Lukole, Eliud Andrea
Gobin, Stacie
Cook, Jackie
Charlwood, Jacques Derek
Mosha, Jacklin F.
Matowo, Nancy S.
Mallya, Elizabeth
Aziz, Tatu
Mosha, Justina V.
Martin, Jacklin
Rowland, Mark
Kleinschmidt, Immo
Manjurano, Alphaxard
Mosha, Franklin W.
Webster, Jayne
Protopopoff, Natacha
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council
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Article History
Received: 27 July 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the RCTs was obtained from the institutional review boards of the Tanzanian National Institute for Medical Research (reference number: NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/2743), Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (2267), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (14952, 14952-1, and 21389), and University of Ottawa (H-05–19-4411). Informed consent to participate in the study were obtained from parent or guardian or any adult present in the house.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
