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Article History

Received: 29 August 2025

Accepted: 25 January 2026

First Online: 27 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Benin Ministry of Health (Ethical decision n°21CNERS/Dos-021 of 20 March 2023). Human volunteer sleepers who slept in the huts to attract mosquitoes gave informed consent before they participated in the study. The trial details and consent forms were explained to them in their local language by an interpreter. A stand-by nurse was available to sleepers throughout the study to assess any cases of fever and persistent headache. Any sleeper testing positive for malaria was immediately withdrawn from the study and treated effectively in line with local public health practices.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.