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Authors
Babiker, Raghda M.
Elamin, Anas Babiker Mohammed
Ahmed, Weam Mohamed Meargni
Omer, Leina Salah Yousif
Ahmad, Dania Adil Abdalfattah
Rafai, Medrar Assadat Abdelfarag
Mohammed, Ayat Abdelwahab Hajtaha
Ahmed, Mazin Mohammed Abdallah
Elmahi, Elkhatib FathElrahman Eldaw
Omer, Abobakr Abdulbagi
Hassan, BahaAldeen Osman
Alslawy, Yousef Mohamed Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9643-4269
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Article History
Received: 4 May 2026
Accepted: 30 June 2026
First Online: 12 July 2026
Declarations
: Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Local Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health in the Blue Nile State, Sudan (Approval ID: RREC-BNR-03). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study; the consent form was attached to the digital questionnaire, outlining the study’s purpose, objectives, the voluntary nature of participation, and the right to withdraw at any time. To ensure confidentiality, all data were anonymized, and no personal identifying information was collected.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
