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Authors
Bivegete, Sandra
Barsosio, Hellen
El Gaaloul, Myriam
Kayentao, Kassoum
Worrall, Eve
Duparc, Stephan
Kaszubska, Wiweka
Valea, Innocent
Hill, Jenny
ter Kuile, Feiko
Dellicour, Stephanie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Union and the Global Health EDCTP3 Joint Undertaking (101145740)
State Secretariat for Education Research and Innovation (SERI) of the Swiss Confederation
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Horizon Europe Guarantee (10121054)
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Article History
Received: 15 January 2026
Accepted: 6 July 2026
First Online: 18 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) Research Ethics Committee (Reference number: 24-034). Electronic informed consent was obtained from each study participant after reading the Participant Information Sheet, which provided information on the survey objectives, process, and data management. Each participant had to provide electronic consent by ticking a box on the survey entry webpage prior to commencing the survey.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
