Cissoko, Mady
Scott, Susana
Koné, Aissata
Sanogo, Vincent
Sall, Fatimata Bintou
Magassa, Mahamadou
Cissé, Ibrahim A.
Mbaye, Ibrahima Marietou
Tchouatieu, Andre-Marie
Poku-Awuku, Abena
Merle, Corinne
Ndiaye, Jean-Louis
Milligan, Paul
Sagara, Issaka
Funding for this research was provided by:
European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (CSA2018HS-2520-OPT-SMC)
EDCTP (CSA2018HS-2520-OPT-SMC)
Article History
Received: 7 January 2026
Accepted: 20 September 2026
First Online: 25 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Odontostomatology and Pharmacy of the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako with authorisation number 2021/326/USTTB. Signed consent was sought from caregivers of children in the survey and participants in the qualitative study, after explaining the activities involved.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.