Funding for this research was provided by:
Authors were supported by a seed fund provided by the School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai China.
Article History
Received: 30 May 2019
Accepted: 18 November 2019
First Online: 10 December 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The protocol and data collection procedures for the DHS were approved by NIMR, ZAMREC, the Institutional Review Board of ICF International, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. All participants were asked to provide verbal informed consent after being read a document emphasizing the voluntary nature of the survey.
: Consent to use and publish articles emanating from this dataset was obtained along with the dataset from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and National Bureau of Statistics. The data is owned by the ICF International, 530 Gaither Road, Suite 500, Rockville, MD 20850.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.