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Authors
Zhu, Bowen
Li, Guochun
Wu, Kaiwen
Luo, Qian
Wu, Xie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the General Topic of Nanjing Health Science and Technology Development Project (YKK22200)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2024
Accepted: 2 February 2025
First Online: 13 February 2025
Declarations
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: The NHANES, a comprehensive survey of the national population in the United States, utilizes a sophisticated, multistage, and probabilistic sampling method to provide extensive insights into the nutritional and health status of Americans. The data for this study were sourced from the 2001–2006 and 2017–2018 NHANES cycles because only these cycles contained OA data and serum carotenoid information concurrently. The study was conducted in compliance with the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving human participants were approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board (Protocol #98–12, Continuation of Protocol #2011–17, Protocol #2018–01). Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants or their proxies.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
