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Authors
Wang, Fang
Li, Xingliang
Wang, Long
Zheng, Jingang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2025-NHLHCRF-PY-07)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding & Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (ZRJY2021-QM05)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81700411)
Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association of Chinese Medicine (2021-QNRC2-A02)
National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project of China (2020-QTL-009)
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Article History
Received: 9 April 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: The CHARLS study was conducted in adherence to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and obtained approval from the Institutional Review Board of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015). All participants provided written informed consent prior to their involvement. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
